iPS cells

The production of iPS cells would have seemed like bio-alchemy until recently.

直到最近，“诱导多能性”细胞的生产看来似乎还是一种生物炼金术。

Or have iPS cells ( induced pluripotent stem cells) simply added a new dimension to the legal, social and ethical debates that are an important and necessary part of stem-cell advances.

万能肝细胞的只是在法律，社会，伦理添加了新的问题，这也是干细胞发展的一个重要部分。

Without immune rejection and ethical issues, patient-specific iPS cells promise to be an ideal tool for regenerative medicine, drug screening, and toxicity testing.

患者特异性的诱导性多潜能干细胞将成为再生医学、药物筛选和毒理测试的理想工具。

However, they also exhibited properties different from ES cells or iPS cells, such as weak alkaline phosphatase staining.

但B16-F10-2B2-iPS细胞同时也表现出部分不同于ES细胞和iPS细胞的性状，如第5周时碱性磷酸酶染色呈弱阳性。

MEF dealt with by mitomycin C as the feeder layer can effectively stimulate the growth of hES cells and iPS cells, and promote stem cells to proliferate and maintain undifferentiated state.

丝裂霉素C处理过MEF作为饲养层，能有效的支持hES及iPS细胞生长，促进干细胞增殖同时维持其处于持未分化状态。

While iPS cells may be even further from commercialisation than embryonic stem cells as direct therapy for patients, there are more immediate applications for pluripotent cells in research and development.

虽然与胚胎干细胞相比，诱导多能性细胞距直接用于病人治疗的商业化更为遥远，但诱导多能性细胞在研究和开发中却有更直接的应用。

And there is some evidence that iPS cells aren't exactly like embryonic stem cells in their gene expression, retaining a subtle cellular memory of the tissue they came from.

已有一些证据证实诱导多能干细胞在基因表达方面，并不与胚胎干细胞完全相同，它仍保留有其来源组织的一些细胞记忆。

However, every scientist working on iPS cells insists research on conventional embryonic stem cells, derived from surplus embryos after in vitro fertilisation treatment, must continue.

而每一位从事“诱导多能性”细胞研究的科学家都坚持认为，源自体外受精疗法多余胚胎的传统胚胎干细胞研究，必须继续。

It demonstrates low concentration of NO could maintain the pluripotency of iPS cells and delay the iPS cells apoptosis without LIF in the medium.

表明低浓度NO可以维持iPS细胞的多能性，并可以延缓在无LIF条件下iPS细胞的凋亡作用，维持其自我更新。

Analysis of Key Factors in the Karyotyping of iPS Cells from Human, Rat and Pig

人、大鼠和猪诱导多能干细胞染色体制备方法的建立和关键影响因素的分析

The method and efficiency of differentiation were similar with normal mouse ESCs. Conclusions: This study supports that iPS cells can differentiate into endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in vitro.

结论：小鼠iPS细胞能向内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞诱导分化，其分化潜能与小鼠胚胎干细胞相似。

The method is also relatively inefficient, reprogramming only about one out of1000 cells exposed to the treatment, and it takes more than a month for iPS cells to appear.

另外，这种方法的效率也不高，每1000个接受处理的细胞中只有1个发生重新编程，并且需要耗费超过1个月的时间才能形成诱导多能干细胞。

However, till now there are few reports on whether iPS cells could participate in liver regeneration or repair, as well as how to work.

然而，目前关于ips细胞在受损的活体肝脏内是否可参与肝脏的再生修复以及如何参与再生的研究及报道甚少。

According to differentiation of ES cells and iPS cells in vitro, various types of neural cells could be derived such as neural stem cells, functional neuron and glial.

由胚胎干细胞和与胚胎干细胞类似的多潜能性iPS细胞体外分化可以获得各种神经组织细胞（包括神经干细胞、神经元、神经胶质细胞等）。

Those with religious objections to embryo research have hailed iPS cells as an answer to their prayers.

那些出于宗教原因反对胚胎研究的人，认为“诱导多能性”细胞的出现是他们祈祷的结果。

Finally, we performed hematopoietic differentation on the patient-specific iPS cells and gene-corrected iPS cells both in vitro and in vivo.

最后将病人特异的干细胞系和基因修复的干细胞系分别进行体外定向造血分化，并建立了体内移植的小鼠模型。

These iPS cells also show insufficient activation of endogenous pluripotent genes and telomerase genes.

这些iPS细胞中，内源基因和端粒酶也激活不足。

Human iPS cells are so new that much more research is needed to understand their properties and how they differ from their predecessors.

人类诱导多能性细胞是如此新兴的技术，因而需要通过更多的研究理解其属性，以及它们与替代品之间的区别。

This year, for the first time, scientists published studies on human diseases and drug responses using IPS cells.

今年科学家们第一次公布了利用IPS细胞研究人类疾病和药物反应的成果。

Working with iPS cells in this way also gives information that should make it easier to develop embryonic stem cells ( ES cells) from pig or other ungulate embryos, said the researchers.

研究者认为通过这种方法制造干细胞使得从猪或其他偶蹄类动物胚胎中提取胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）更容易。

In the breakthrough project, they succeeded in generating the human iPS cells by putting the same four genes into human skin cells.

在这个具有突破性进展的项目里面，他们同样将四组基因导入人类皮肤细胞而成功地制得了人类诱导性全能细胞。

And cultures of iPS cells derived from patients promise to be an invaluable tool for studying the biochemistry of particular diseases and for developing treatments.

而源自病患的“诱导多能性”细胞培育，则有望成为特定疾病的生化研究及开发治疗的无价工具。

We are still working with embryonic stem cells, because we understand them well, and are comparing them with iPS cells, says Dr Thomson.

我们仍在从事胚胎干细胞的研究，因为我们对它们有相当的理解，并将它们与诱导多能性细胞进行比较，汤姆森博士说。

These so-called induced pluripotent stem cells, or IPS cells, could now become any cell.

这种“诱导多功能干细胞”(简称IPS细胞)也能变成其它细胞.

Many experts feel the advent of iPS cells makes therapeutic cloning redundant.

许多专家感到“诱导多能性”细胞的出现令“治疗性克隆”成为多余.

While the four transcription factors were used to reprogram human fibroblasts to iPS cells.

随后这四个因子又成功诱导人类成纤维细胞重编程为iPS细胞。

At present, it has been demonstrated that mammal iPS cells can be obtained safely by directly delivering the proteins of reprogramming factors to somatic cells.

目前，获得哺乳动物iPS细胞的最安全的途径是直接导入外源重编程因子的编码蛋白。

Genetic modification experiments showed that Aire played critical roles in the self-renewal of ESCs and reprogramming of somatic cells to iPS cells.

基因修饰研究结果显示Aire在ESC自我更新和体细胞重编程为iPS细胞的过程中具有重要的功能。

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ( iPS Cells): Current Status and Future Prospect

诱导性多潜能干细胞（iPS cells）&现状及前景展望

In SCID mice transplanted with hematopoietic progenitors derived from gene-corrected iPS cells, both levels of hemoglobin and red blood cells in peripheral blood recovered up to the normal levels rapidly after irradiation.

移植修复后iPS细胞来源的造血祖细胞的SCID小鼠在放射性照射后，其血红蛋白及红细胞水平能较快恢复到正常值，并产生出正常的人的β-珠蛋白。